Module 5: Building Codes and Compliance

1. International Residential Code (IRC) & International Building Code (IBC) Requirements

Overview

The IRC governs 1- and 2-family dwellings, while the IBC applies to commercial and multi-family buildings. Both set minimum safety, energy efficiency, and structural standards for fenestration.

Key IRC Fenestration Requirements

• Egress Windows (IRC R310)

• Minimum opening area: 5.7 sq. ft. (grade floor) / 5.0 sq. ft. (basement)

• Maximum sill height: 44" above floor

• Must open without tools

• Safety Glazing (IRC R308)

• Required in:

• Windows within 24" of doors

• Adjacent to walking surfaces (e.g., showers, stairways)

• Tempered or laminated glass only

• Energy Efficiency (IRC N1102)

• U-factor & SHGC limits by climate zone (per IECC)

Key IBC Fenestration Requirements

• Wind Load Resistance (IBC 1609)

• Design pressures based on wind speed maps (ASCE 7)

• Fire-Rated Openings (IBC 716)

• Required in fire walls (e.g., 45- to 90-minute rated glazing)

• Accessibility (IBC 1010)

• Operable parts max. 48" AFF (accessible units)

2. ASTM & AAMA Standards

ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials)

• ASTM E283 – Air infiltration test (max 0.3 CFM/sq. ft. for windows)

• ASTM E331 – Water penetration resistance (15% of design pressure)

• ASTM E1886/E1996 – Hurricane impact testing (missile + cyclic pressure)

AAMA (American Architectural Manufacturers Association)

• AAMA 101/I.S.7 – Performance standards for windows/doors

• Grades:

• R (Residential) – 10-year warranty

• LC (Light Commercial) – 5-year warranty

• CW (Commercial) – 3-year warranty

• AAMA 501.1 – Water infiltration field testing

Compliance Labels

• NFRC Label (U-factor, SHGC, VT, air leakage)

• Miami-Dade NOA (hurricane zones)

3. Permitting & Inspection Processes

When Is a Permit Required?

• Always: New installations, structural modifications, egress windows

• Sometimes: Replacement windows (if size/type changes)

• Never: Like-for-like replacements (check local amendments)

Permit Submission Documents

1. Site plan (window/door locations)

2. Product specs (NFRC ratings, wind load design)

3. Engineered drawings (for large/structural glazing)

Inspection Phases

1. Rough-In Inspection

• Verify rough opening size/flashing before install

2. Final Inspection

• Check:

• Proper operation

• Safety glazing compliance

• Energy code labels

Common Reasons for Inspection Failures

• Missing egress window in basement bedroom

• Improper flashing integration with WRB

• No NFRC label on energy-efficient windows

Key Takeaways

✔ IRC vs. IBC: Residential vs. commercial rules differ—know which applies.
✔ Testing Standards: ASTM/AAMA define performance; NFRC certifies efficiency.
✔ Permit Smart: Always check local amendments—some cities exceed IRC.