Module 2: Architectural Metalwork Applications

1. Structural Metalwork

Structural metalwork forms the backbone of modern construction, providing strength and stability to buildings, bridges, and large-scale infrastructure.

Steel Framing for Buildings and Bridges

• Building Framing:

• Steel I-beams, columns, and trusses create open, column-free interior spaces.

• Used in high-rises, industrial facilities, and modular construction.

• Advantages over concrete: Faster erection, higher strength-to-weight ratio.

• Bridge Construction:

• Steel girders and box sections span long distances with minimal supports.

• Prefabricated sections allow for rapid on-site assembly.

• Corrosion protection (galvanizing/painting) is critical for longevity.

Load-Bearing Connections & Seismic Considerations

• Connection Types:

• Bolted connections (high-strength friction grip bolts) for easy disassembly.

• Welded connections for permanent, rigid joints in moment frames.

• Seismic Design:

• Ductile detailing allows structures to bend without breaking during earthquakes.

• Energy-dissipating devices (e.g., buckling-restrained braces) reduce shock loads.

• Base isolation systems decouple the building from ground motion.

2. Decorative & Functional Metalwork

Architectural metalwork blends artistry with engineering, creating visually striking yet practical elements.

Staircases, Railings, and Balustrades

• Design Considerations:

• Compliance with building codes (e.g., ADA handrail height, tread dimensions).

• Glass-and-metal combinations for modern aesthetics.

• Fabrication Techniques:

• CNC-cut stringers and laser-cut baluster panels for precision.

• Forged ironwork for traditional ornamental designs.

Ornamental Gates, Screens, and Façades

• Gates & Fences:

• Wrought iron, laser-cut steel, or bronze for historic and contemporary styles.

• Automated sliding gates with embedded safety sensors.

• Decorative Screens:

• Perforated metal or intricate latticework for sun shading/privacy.

• Often powder-coated for weather resistance.

• Artistic Façades:

• 3D metal cladding panels create dynamic building exteriors.

• Custom patinas on copper for evolving color effects over time.

3. Cladding & Curtain Wall Systems

Metal cladding protects buildings while enhancing their visual appeal.

Installation of Aluminum & Steel Panel Systems

• Panel Types:

• Composite Panels: Aluminum skins over insulation (lightweight, insulated).

• Cassette Systems: Interlocking panels for seamless façades.

• Standing Seam Roofing: Concealed fasteners for waterproof metal roofs.

• Installation Process:

• Subframe construction ensures proper alignment and load distribution.

• Thermal breaks prevent condensation and heat transfer.

Weatherproofing & Thermal Expansion Considerations

• Sealing & Joint Design:

• Silicone sealants and gaskets prevent water infiltration.

• Expansion joints accommodate metal movement due to temperature changes.

• Thermal Performance:

• Insulated back panels improve energy efficiency.

• Reflective coatings reduce solar heat gain.

Conclusion

This module bridges the gap between structural integrity and artistic expression in architectural metalwork. Students will gain hands-on experience in fabricating and installing critical building components, from earthquake-resistant steel frames to eye-catching decorative elements.