Module 2: Technical Drawing and Planning 

1. Reading and Interpreting Shop Drawings

Shop drawings are detailed technical diagrams that guide shopfitters in constructing and installing fixtures accurately. They serve as a communication tool between designers, architects, and shopfitting teams.

• Types of Shop Drawings:

• Elevation Drawings: Show front, side, and rear views of fixtures.

• Plan Views: Provide a top-down layout of the space.

• Sectional Drawings: Display cross-sections to reveal internal structures.

• Detail Drawings: Highlight specific components like joints, hinges, or mounting systems.

• Key Elements to Interpret:

• Dimensions (length, width, height)

• Material specifications (type, thickness, finish)

• Assembly instructions (joinery methods, fasteners)

• Annotations (notes on modifications or special requirements)

2. Basic CAD Skills for Shopfitting

Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software is essential for creating and modifying shopfitting plans digitally.

• Common CAD Software Used:

• AutoCAD – Industry-standard for 2D drafting.

• SketchUp – User-friendly for 3D modeling.

• SolidWorks / Rhino – Advanced 3D design for complex structures.

• Essential CAD Skills for Shopfitters:

• Creating 2D floor plans and elevations.

• Generating 3D models to visualize the final product.

• Adding dimensions, annotations, and material labels.

• Exporting files for CNC machining or laser cutting.

• Benefits of CAD in Shopfitting:

• Reduces errors in manual drafting.

• Allows quick modifications before fabrication.

• Enhances client presentations with 3D renderings.

3. Measuring and Marking Techniques

Precision in measuring and marking ensures that shopfitting components fit perfectly within a commercial space.

• Measuring Tools & Their Uses:

• Tape Measure – For general dimensions.

• Laser Measure – For long-distance accuracy.

• Digital Calipers – For fine measurements (e.g., joinery details).

• Spirit Level – Ensures fixtures are perfectly horizontal/vertical.

• Marking Techniques:

• Pencil Marking – Light, erasable lines for wood and laminates.

• Scratch Awl / Marking Knife – Precise marks for cutting.

• Chalk Lines – For long, straight guidelines.

• Best Practices:

• Double-check measurements before cutting.

• Use templates for repeated patterns (e.g., shelf holes).

• Account for material thickness in joinery (e.g., dado joints).

4. Space Planning and Layout Design

Effective space planning maximizes functionality and enhances customer flow in retail and hospitality environments.

• Key Considerations in Layout Design:

• Customer Flow: Ensuring smooth movement through the store.

• Product Placement: Highlighting high-demand items in prime locations.

• Accessibility: Complying with disability regulations (e.g., aisle width).

• Lighting & Visibility: Positioning fixtures to avoid shadows or glare.

• Common Retail Layouts:

• Grid Layout – Organized aisles (common in supermarkets).

• Loop Layout – Guided pathway leading customers through the store.

• Free-Flow Layout – Flexible, creative arrangement (common in boutiques).

• Using Mockups & 3D Models:

• Testing layouts before installation.

• Adjusting based on client feedback.

5. Material Calculations and Estimations

Accurate material estimation prevents wastage and ensures cost efficiency.

• Steps in Material Calculation:

• Review Drawings – Identify required components.

• Break Down Quantities – Calculate linear meters, square meters, or units needed.

• Add Wastage Allowance (Typically 10-15% extra).

• Common Calculations:

• Sheet Materials (MDF, Plywood):

• Determine how many full sheets are needed based on cut sizes.

• Optimize cutting plans to minimize waste.

• Metal & Hardware:

• Count screws, brackets, hinges based on assembly points.

• Finishing Materials:

• Estimate paint, laminate, or veneer coverage per square meter.

• Software Tools for Estimation:

• Excel Spreadsheets – For manual calculations.

• Estimation Software (e.g., CostX, PlanSwift) – Automates takeoffs from CAD files.

Conclusion

Module 2 equips shopfitters with essential technical drawing, CAD, measuring, space planning, and material estimation skills. Mastery of these areas ensures precision in shopfitting projects, reduces errors, and optimizes resource use—leading to efficient and professional results.