Setting out involves marking the location and levels of a building on the ground using a plan, while excavation is the process of removing soil and other materials to prepare the site for construction. It's a crucial step in construction to ensure accurate placement of foundations and other structural elements.
Drainage and utilities installation involves creating systems for managing water and other services underground. This includes drainage systems to collect and channel rainwater, as well as utility infrastructure like pipes for water, electricity, and gas.
Foundations are the supporting structures below a building that transfer loads from the structure to the soil. Substructures encompass the entire portion of a building below ground level, including foundations, basements, and retaining walls. They play a crucial role in ensuring the stability and longevity of a building by providing a solid base and preventing issues like water intrusion and unequal settlement.
Final preparations before construction involve a series of steps to ensure the site is ready for building. These include final inspections, logistics, and a thorough site assessment to guarantee compliance with regulations and safety standards.
