Module 3: Safe Work Practices & Equipment Handling
Objective:
To ensure workers understand and apply best safety practices when operating tools, handling materials, and responding to emergencies on construction sites.
Detailed Explanation:
1. Proper Use of Tools and Machinery (Scaffolding, Ladders, Power Tools)
Improper use of equipment is a leading cause of injuries in construction. Key safety measures include:
Scaffolding Safety
Inspection: Check for damage, stability, and proper assembly before use.
Guardrails & Planking: Must have toe boards, mid-rails, and secure platforms.
Load Capacity: Never exceed maximum weight limits (workers + materials).
Fall Protection: Use PFAS (Personal Fall Arrest Systems) when working above 6 feet.
Ladder Safety
4-to-1 Rule: Place ladder base 1 foot away from the wall for every 4 feet of height.
Three-Point Contact: Always maintain two hands and one foot (or vice versa) while climbing.
Secure Placement: Tie off or use slip-resistant feet; never use makeshift ladders (e.g., boxes, pallets).
Power Tool Safety
Inspect Before Use: Check for frayed cords, damaged guards, or malfunctioning triggers.
PPE Requirements: Safety goggles, gloves, and hearing protection when needed.
Disconnect Power: Unplug tools before blade changes or adjustments.
2. Electrical Safety and Lockout/Tagout (LOTO)
Electrical hazards cause severe injuries and fatalities. Key precautions:
General Electrical Safety
Live Wire Awareness: Assume all wires are energized until verified.
GFCI Protection: Use Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters in wet conditions.
Proper Cord Management: Avoid running cords through water or high-traffic areas.
Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) Procedures
Purpose: Prevent accidental machine startup during maintenance.
Steps:
Shut Down equipment.
Isolate Energy (unplug, turn off breakers).
Apply Locks/Tags (only the worker performing maintenance removes them).
Verify De-energization before starting work.
3. Material Handling and Manual Lifting Techniques
Improper lifting leads to back injuries, strains, and fractures.
Safe Lifting Practices
Plan the Lift: Check weight, path clearance, and need for assistance.
Proper Form:
Bend at the knees, not the waist.
Keep the load close to the body.
Avoid twisting while carrying.
Mechanical Aids: Use forklifts, dollies, or hoists for heavy loads.
Storage & Handling
Stack Materials Securely: Avoid unstable piles that could collapse.
Team Lifting: Communicate clearly when moving large objects.
4. Emergency Procedures (Fire Safety, First Aid, Evacuation)
Quick and organized responses save lives in emergencies.
Fire Safety
Flammable Materials: Store away from ignition sources (welding sparks, electrical equipment).
Extinguisher Use (PASS Method):
Pull the pin.
Aim at the base of the fire.
Squeeze the handle.
Sweep side to side.
First Aid Basics
Bleeding Control: Apply direct pressure with a clean cloth.
Burns: Cool with water (no ice); cover loosely.
CPR/AED Training: Designated workers should be certified.
Evacuation Plan
Clear Exit Routes: Marked, unobstructed pathways.
Assembly Points: Designated safe areas for headcounts.
Emergency Contacts: Posted numbers for EMS, fire department, and site supervisors.
Conclusion:
This module reinforces safe equipment operation, hazard prevention, and emergency readiness—critical for reducing injuries and fatalities. By following these protocols, workers can maintain a productive and accident-free jobsite.
Next Steps:
Hands-on drills (LOTO, fire extinguisher practice).
Tool-specific training (scaffolding, power tools).
First aid/CPR certification sessions.
.svg)
