MODULE 6

Basic Roofing Installation Techniques

This hands-on module focuses on installing different roofing materials correctly. For asphalt shingles, students practice laying starter strips, aligning shingles, and securing them with the proper nailing pattern. Metal roofing installation techniques, including snap-lock panels and concealed vs. exposed fasteners, are demonstrated. The module also covers flashing installation around chimneys, vents, and valleys to prevent leaks. By the end of this section, students should be able to perform a basic roof installation under supervision.

Basic Roofing Installation Techniques

1. Installing Asphalt Shingles

Asphalt shingles are the most common roofing material due to their affordability, durability, and ease of installation. Proper installation ensures longevity and weather resistance.

Key Steps:

• Preparation:

• Ensure the roof deck is clean, dry, and structurally sound.

• Install underlayment (typically felt or synthetic) to provide a moisture barrier.

• Apply drip edge along the eaves to direct water away from the fascia.

• Cutting Shingles:

• Use a utility knife or roofing cutter to trim shingles for proper fit around vents, chimneys, and edges.

• Measure and mark cuts before trimming to avoid waste.

• Nailing Technique:

• Use galvanized roofing nails (1¼-inch to 1½-inch long) to prevent rust.

• Place nails just above the shingle’s adhesive strip (not too high to avoid wind uplift).

• Follow manufacturer guidelines for nail placement (usually 4-6 nails per shingle).

• Sealing:

• Self-sealing asphalt shingles rely on heat to activate the adhesive strip.

• In cold weather, press down firmly or use a roofing roller to ensure proper sealing.

• Apply roofing cement under shingle edges in high-wind areas for extra security.

2. Metal Roofing Installation Basics

Metal roofing is durable, energy-efficient, and long-lasting but requires precise installation to prevent leaks and ensure structural integrity.

Key Steps:

• Roof Deck Preparation:

• Ensure the roof deck is sturdy and properly sheathed (typically with plywood or OSB).

• Install an underlayment (synthetic or felt) for moisture protection.

• Use a breathable membrane if condensation is a concern.

• Panel Installation:

• Start at the eaves and work upward, overlapping panels to prevent water infiltration.

• Use corrosion-resistant screws with rubber washers to secure panels (avoid over-tightening).

• Follow manufacturer spacing guidelines for thermal expansion.

• Flashing & Trim:

• Install flashing around roof penetrations (vents, chimneys) and along edges.

• Use ridge caps to seal the peak of the roof for a finished look and weatherproofing.

• Safety Considerations:

• Wear gloves to avoid sharp edges.

• Use proper fall protection when working on steep slopes.

3. Flashing Installation (Chimneys, Vents, Valleys)

Flashing prevents water intrusion at vulnerable roof intersections. Proper installation is crucial for leak prevention.

Types of Flashing & Installation Methods:

• Chimney Flashing:

• Step Flashing: Layered shingle-style alongside the chimney, interwoven with shingles.

• Counter Flashing: Installed into the chimney mortar and bent over the step flashing for a watertight seal.

• Cricket Flashing: A peaked diversion behind chimneys to direct water away.

• Vent Flashing:

• Use pre-formed rubber or metal flashing boots around plumbing vents and pipes.

• Slide under shingles above and overlap with shingles below for proper drainage.

• Valley Flashing:

• Open Valley: Metal flashing is exposed, allowing maximum water runoff.

• Closed Valley: Shingles are woven over the valley, with underlayment beneath for extra protection.

• Ensure proper overlap (at least 12 inches) and seal edges with roofing cement.

General Flashing Tips:

• Always overlap flashing pieces (shingle-style) to direct water downward.

• Use high-quality sealant (e.g., roofing cement or butyl tape) at seams.

• Inspect flashing regularly for corrosion or separation.

Conclusion

Proper roofing installation—whether asphalt shingles, metal panels, or flashing—requires attention to detail, correct materials, and adherence to manufacturer guidelines. A well-installed roof enhances durability, weather resistance, and overall structural integrity.