Module 1: Introduction to Highways Maintenance
1. Overview of Highways Infrastructure
Highways infrastructure includes all physical components that ensure safe and efficient road networks:
Roads & Carriageways – Pavement layers (sub-base, base, surface), road markings, and skid resistance.
Footpaths & Cycleways – Pedestrian walkways, tactile paving, and shared-use paths.
Drainage Systems – Gullies, culverts, soakaways, and channels to prevent flooding.
Signage & Street Furniture – Traffic signs, bollards, guardrails, and lighting.
Understanding these elements helps maintenance teams identify defects and prioritize repairs.
2. Roles and Responsibilities in Highways Maintenance
Different stakeholders ensure highways remain safe and functional:
Local Authorities/Highways Agencies – Plan and fund maintenance works.
Contractors & Maintenance Crews – Execute repairs, inspections, and emergency responses.
Site Supervisors – Oversee safety, quality, and compliance.
Utility Companies – Coordinate works to avoid clashes (e.g., gas, water, telecoms).
Clear role definitions prevent overlaps and ensure accountability.
3. Health and Safety Legislation
Highways maintenance is governed by key UK laws:
Health and Safety at Work Act (HSAWA 1974) – Employer/employee duties to ensure workplace safety.
Construction (Design and Management) Regulations (CDM 2015) – Requires risk management in construction/maintenance projects.
Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) – Safe handling of chemicals (e.g., asphalt, de-icing salts).
Reporting of Injuries, Diseases, and Dangerous Occurrences (RIDDOR 2013) – Mandates reporting serious incidents.
Non-compliance can lead to legal penalties or accidents.
4. Risk Assessments and Method Statements (RAMS)
Risk Assessments identify hazards and control measures before work begins:
Step 1: Identify hazards (e.g., moving traffic, uneven surfaces, heavy machinery).
Step 2: Determine who is at risk (workers, public, utility staff).
Step 3: Evaluate risk severity (likelihood × impact).
Step 4: Implement controls (PPE, barriers, traffic management).
Step 5: Monitor and review risks regularly.
Method Statements (Safe Systems of Work) provide step-by-step guides for tasks:
Scope of Work – Description of the maintenance activity.
Sequence of Operations – Detailed steps (e.g., "Excavate pothole → Clean edges → Apply binder").
Emergency Procedures – Actions for incidents (e.g., injury, gas leak).
Sign-offs – Supervisor approval before work starts.
Why RAMS Matter:
Reduces accidents and legal liabilities.
Ensures consistency in work quality.
Required for compliance with CDM and HSAWA.
Key Takeaways for Learners:
Highways infrastructure is complex and requires systematic maintenance.
Safety laws protect both workers and the public.
RAMS are essential tools for planning and hazard mitigation.
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