Module 1: Advanced Glazing Materials & Systems
1. Glass Types & Performance Criteria
Modern glazing uses specialized glass types to meet structural, safety, and energy efficiency demands.
Laminated Glass: Consists of two or more glass layers bonded with a PVB (polyvinyl butyral) or EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate) interlayer. It holds together when shattered, reducing injury risk from sharp fragments. Used in skylights, balustrades, and hurricane-resistant applications.
Tempered Glass (Toughened Glass): Heat-treated for increased strength (4–5x stronger than annealed glass). When broken, it crumbles into small, blunt pieces, making it ideal for doors, shower enclosures, and facades.
Insulated Glass Units (IGUs): Double or triple glazing with air or argon gas between panes for thermal insulation. Low-emissivity (low-e) coatings reflect infrared heat, improving energy efficiency.
Fire-Rated Glass: Withstands high temperatures for 30–120 minutes, either as wired glass or ceramic glass. Used in fire doors and partitions.
Acoustic Glass: Laminated with sound-dampening interlayers to reduce noise transmission (e.g., near airports or busy roads).
Solar Control Glass: Reflective or tinted coatings reduce solar heat gain, improving building cooling efficiency.
Dynamic Glazing (Smart Glass): Includes electrochromic, thermochromic, or PDLC (polymer-dispersed liquid crystal) glass, which changes opacity or tint on demand for privacy and energy savings.
2. Structural Glazing Systems
These systems allow glass to function as a structural element rather than just a cladding material.
Frameless Glazing: Uses minimal or hidden supports, such as silicone bonding or discreet clamps, for a sleek, modern appearance (e.g., glass balconies, storefronts).
Point-Supported Glass: Glass panels are anchored at discrete points using spider fittings (metal connectors), allowing for large, uninterrupted views (common in atriums and high-end facades).
Curtain Walling: Non-structural outer walls made of glass and aluminum frames, designed to resist wind and weather while allowing natural light.
Unitized Systems: Pre-assembled glazing modules installed on-site for faster construction, reducing labor costs and improving quality control.
3. Material Compatibility
Glazing systems must account for material interactions to ensure long-term performance.
Thermal Expansion: Glass, aluminum, and steel expand/contract at different rates. Proper joint design and expansion gaps prevent stress cracks or sealant failure.
Sealants: Silicone, polyurethane, and butyl sealants must be compatible with glass and framing materials to maintain weatherproofing and structural integrity.
Gaskets: EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer) or neoprene gaskets provide cushioning and waterproofing between glass and metal frames.
This module ensures professionals understand material selection, system design, and compatibility to deliver durable, high-performance glazing solutions.
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